Glossary of Terms - Z
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A group of hydrated sodium alumino silicates, either natural or synthetic, with ion exchange properties.
The removal of calcium and magnesium by ion exchange using natural or synthetic zeolite. The term is sometimes used to refer to all ion exchange softening processes, even though organic ion exchange resins, not inorganic zeoltes, are in most common use today.
Hydrated sodium alumina silicates, either naturally-occurring mined products or synthetic products, with ion exchange properties.
Zeolites were formerly used extensively for residential and commercial water softening but have been largely replaced by synthetic organic cation resin ion exchangers of polystyrene divinylbenzene substrate.
Modified zeolites such as manganese greensand and synthetic manganese zeolites are still used as catalyst/oxidizing filters for the removal of iron, hydrogen sulfide, and manganese.
A discharge limit applied to manufacturing and commercial establishments in which only normal human sanitary waste waters may be discharged to the municipal sewerage system.
All other types of waste water, such as that water used in manufacturing processes, are not included in zero discharge water; but they must be recycled, and the resulting waste product from such water must be taken to an alternate and approved disposal facility.
The electrical potential which exists across the interface of all solids and liquids.
The potential represents the difference in voltage between the surface of the diffuse layer surrounding a colloidal particle and the bulk liquid beyond.
Also known as electrokinetic potential.
Water with a total hardness less than 1.0 grain per U.S. Gallon, as calcium carbonate.
Water produced by the cation exchange process and measuring less than 1.0 grain per U.S. gallon (17.1 ppm or 17.1 mg/L) as calcium carbonate.
The comparatively dry soil or rock located between the ground surface and the top of the water table.
The layer in the ground in which all of the available voids are filled with water.
Small, usually microscopic animals (such as protozoans), found in lakes and reservoirs.